Monaco




                                 Geography


Location:
     Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, in southern France
     near the border with Italy
Map references:
     Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
     1.9 sq km
land area:
     1.9 sq km
comparative area:
     about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
     total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km
Coastline:
     4.1 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea:
     12 nm
International disputes:
     none
Climate:
     Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Terrain:
     hilly, rugged, rocky
Natural resources:
     none
Land use:
arable land:
     0%
permanent crops:
     0%
meadows and pastures:
     0%
forest and woodland:
     0%
other:
     100%
Irrigated land:
     NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
     NA
natural hazards:
     NA
international agreements:
     party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Marine
     Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling; signed, but
     not ratified - Law of the Sea
Note:
     second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost
     entirely urban






                                  People


Population:
     31,278 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
     0.81% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
     10.71 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
     12.21 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
     9.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
     7.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
     77.69 years
male:
     73.94 years
female:
     81.64 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
     1.7 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
     Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s)
adjective:
     Monacan or Monegasque
Ethnic divisions:
     French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Religions:
     Roman Catholic 95%
Languages:
     French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Literacy:
total population:
     NA%
male:
     NA%
female:
     NA%
Labor force:
     NA


                                Government


Names:
conventional long form:
     Principality of Monaco
conventional short form:
local long form:
     Principaute de Monaco




local short form:
Digraph:
     MN
Type:
     constitutional monarchy
Capital:
Administrative divisions:
     4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La
     Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Independence:
     1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)
National holiday:
     National Day, 19 November
Constitution:
     17 December 1962
Legal system:
     based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
     25 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
     Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince
     ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958)
head of government:
     Minister of State Jacques DUPONT (since NA 1991)
cabinet:
      Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince
Legislative branch:
     unicameral
National Council (Conseil National):
     elections last held on 24 January 1988 (next to be held NA); results -
     percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) UND 18
Judicial branch:
     Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)
Political parties and leaders:
     National and Democratic Union (UND); Democratic Union Movement (MUD);
     Monaco Action; Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)
Member of:
     ACCT, CSCE, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, IMF (observer), IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT,
     INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Diplomatic representation in US:
honorary consulate(s) general:
     Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco,
     San Juan (Puerto Rico)
honorary consulate(s):
     Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington
US diplomatic representation:
     no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France,
     is accredited to Monaco
Flag:
     two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag
     of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white
     (top) and red






                                  Economy


Overview:
     Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular
     resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The
     Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and
     small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no
     income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for
     individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies
     that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual
     revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the
     industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living
     standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous
     French metropolitan suburbs.
National product:
     GDP - exchange rate conversion - $475 million (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
     NA%
National product per capita:
     $16,000 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
     NA%
Unemployment rate:
     NEGL%
Budget:
revenues:
     $424 million
expenditures:
     $376 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Exports:
     $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
     Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
     customs union with France
Imports:
     $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
     Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
     customs union with France
External debt:
     $NA
Industrial production:
     growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity:
     10,000 kW standby; power imported from France
production:
     NA
consumption per capita:
     NA (1992)
Agriculture:
     none
Economic aid:
     $NA
Currency:
     1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes




Exchange rates:
     French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9205 (January 1994), 5.6632 (1993),
     5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989)
Fiscal year:
     calendar year


                              Communications


Railroads:
     1.6 km 1.435-meter gauge
Highways:
     none; city streets
Ports:
Merchant marine:
     1 oil tanker (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,268 GRT/4,959 DWT
Airports:
     1 usable airfield with permanent-surface runways
Telecommunications:
     served by cable into the French communications system; automatic
     telephone system; 38,200 telephones; broadcast stations - 3 AM, 4 FM,
     5 TV; no communication satellite earth stations


                              Defense Forces


Note:
     defense is the responsibility of France